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脑性瘫痪（CP）以运动功能障碍为核心表现，常伴随感知觉和认知缺陷，其病理基础与大脑感觉运动网络异常重塑密切相关。功能性近红外光谱技术（fNIRS）作为一种非侵入式、便携的脑功能成像工具，可实时监测脑血流动力学变化，为脑瘫患者的脑功能评估和康复治疗提供了动态、可重复的监测手段。研究表明，fNIRS能够揭示脑瘫患儿感觉运动皮层和前额叶皮层的异常激活模式（如过度激活、时空特征异常、偏侧化紊乱）及脑网络连接障碍（功能连接减弱、因果连接增强），并可监测康复干预诱导的神经可塑性变化，为临床干预策略的优化及疗效评估提供客观生物标志物。
Abstract：Cerebral palsy (CP) is characterized primarily by motor dysfunction and is often accompanied by sensory and cognitive impairments; its pathological basis is closely associated with abnormal remodeling of the brain’s sensorimotor networks. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS)， as a non-invasive and portable brain imaging tool， can monitor changes in cerebral hemodynamics in real time， providing a dynamic and reproducible monitoring method for the assessment of brain function and rehabilitation treatment in patients with cerebral palsy. This article reviews the application of fNIRS in the study of neural mechanisms in children with cerebral palsy from the perspectives of brain activation patterns and brain network connectivity， and further summarizes research progress in the assessment of rehabilitation outcomes. Studies have shown that fNIRS can reveal abnormal activation patterns (such as hyperactivation， spatiotemporal abnormalities， and disrupted lateralization) in the sensorimotor and prefrontal cortices of children with cerebral palsy， as well as impairments in brain network connectivity (weakened functional connectivity and enhanced causal connectivity) . It can also monitor neuroplasticity changes induced by rehabilitation interventions， providing a theoretical basis for understanding the neural mechanisms of cerebral palsy rehabilitation and establishing objective biomarkers for optimizing clinical intervention strategies and evaluating treatment efficacy. Finally， this paper outlines future directions for fNIRS in the early diagnosis of cerebral palsy， the integration of multimodal technologies， and the application of artificial intelligence.
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基本信息:
中图分类号:R742.3;R493
引用信息:
[1]李夏薇,周宇,何璐娜,等.功能性近红外光谱技术用于脑性瘫痪患儿功能障碍神经机制及康复效果评估研究进展[J].山东医药().
基金信息:
江苏省科技项目（BK20241850）; 江苏省卫生健康委科研项目（M2022022）
2026-08-05
2026-08-05
2026-08-05